The crankshaft must be installed first, followed by bolting the bearing caps and bridge in place, after which the new Crankshaft Seal should be installed in the retainer and the retainer bolted to the block. It is essential to carefully check the seal contact surface on the crankshaft for any scratches or nicks that could damage the new seal lip and lead to oil leaks; if the crankshaft is damaged, a new or different crankshaft is necessary. The old seal can be removed from the retainer by driving it out from the back side with a hammer and punch, ensuring to note how far it is recessed into the bore for proper installation of the new Crankshaft Seal. The retainer should be clean, and a thin coat of engine oil must be applied to the outer edge of the new Crankshaft Seal, which should be pressed squarely into the bore; if a press is unavailable, the housing and seal can be sandwiched between two smooth pieces of wood and pressed into place with a large vise, ensuring the seal enters the bore squarely. If a vise is not available, the seal can be tapped into the retainer with a hammer using a block of wood to distribute the force evenly, ensuring it is driven in squarely. The seal lips must be lubricated with clean engine oil or grease before the seal/retainer is slipped over the crankshaft and bolted to the block, with no gasket required; instead, the surface should be cleaned and a 2mm wide bead of sealant applied to the retainer-to-block surface just prior to installation. Finally, the bolts should be tightened gradually to the specified torque.